Toyota Motor Corp. is eyeing airless tires to help reduce the weight of battery-electric and fuel-cell vehicles and boost performance, even though the technology is years away from being ready for commercial use.
The automaker is using airless tires — featuring individual motors in each wheel — on a vehicle for the first time with its hydrogen-powered concept car, Fine-Comfort Ride, unveiled at the Tokyo Motor Show last week, chief engineer Takao Sato said in an interview to a Tokyo daily. Since such tires comprise a band of rubber encircling a plastic-aluminium hub, the premise is that they could one day compensate for the weight of the motors, he said.
Currently, the concept tires weigh about the same as their pneumatic cousins, but Sato is counting on developments in the technology that can help shave five kilograms (11 pounds) — or about 30 per cent — from each tire’s weight by as early as 2025. Sumitomo Rubber Industries Ltd., which supplied the tires and has been testing them on local “kei” minicars and golf carts, said other Japanese carmakers are also interested, particularly for smaller electric vehicles.
Wako Iwamura, head of the five-year airless-tire project at Sumitomo Rubber, said his personal target is to have a commercial product ready by 2020.
A lighter tire is only one of Iwamura’s goals. The other challenge to overcome is rolling resistance, or the friction that works against the tire when it’s in motion. He estimates it’s 10 per cent to 20 per cent worse than current pneumatic tires, a level unacceptable for vehicles that need to squeeze every kilometre of driving range from their lithium-ion batteries.
Cost, however, won’t be a hurdle. Iwamura says his tires are already comparable in price to those filled with air.
